Language Obervation Essay Example for Free

Language Obervation Essay Setting: The observation took place in the child’s home. The child’s home is a semi-detached house in a housing estate Immediate Context: This observation took place in the kitchen. TC is seated at the kitchen table finishing his homework. His father is nearby washing up at the sink. The observation took place at 2.30 in the afternoon. An hour after TC returned home from school. TC’s brother and sister are running around the kitchen while another brother is sitting at the table playing Lego. Name of Child: TC Brief description of the child: TC is a male aged 6 years and 5 months. He has been in school since September 12 months ago. He has one older brother (aged nine) three young brothers (twin 3 year olds and a 2 year old) he has  a younger sister also (aged 2 years). Because of the number in his family he is very active and talkative. Aim of observation: The aim of this observation is to observe TC for a period of time of 10 minutes in order to assess his language development. Observation: TC is sitting on a chair at the kitchen table finishing off his homework he is drawing objects that begin with â€Å"I†. He asks how to spell ice-cream, igloo and ice as these are the shapes he’s drawing. He takes out a sheet filled with words to learn. He is now looking at his words and pronouncing them. TC has finished his homework and packed away his bag. He takes out a sheet a paper. TC - A â€Å"Daddy how do you spell IGLOO?† A - TC â€Å" I-G-L-O-O† TC - A â€Å"How do you spell ICE?† A - TC â€Å"I-C-E† TC - A â€Å"How do you spell ICE-CREAM† A - TC â€Å"Well you already have ice on your page copy that first† TC - A â€Å"but I need to spell ice-cream† A - TC â€Å" Write down ICE then put a – then put C-R-E-AM† TC - A â€Å"Okay† A - TC â€Å"Are you finished now Ois?† TC - A â€Å"Where’s Mammy Daddy?† A - TC â€Å"Show me, what it is?† TC - A â€Å"No it’s for Mammy, not you; you won’t know what to do with it!† A - TC â€Å"ok she’ll be here in a minute she’s gone to the bathroom† A1 - TC â€Å"what’s wrong Oision?† TC - A1 â€Å"this is a letter for you from teacher† A1 - TC â€Å"what’s it about?† TC - A1 â€Å"The parent teacher meeting† A1 - TC â€Å"ok what have I to do with it?† TC - A1 â€Å"you have to read it and fill it out for teacher† A1 - TC â€Å"oh right okay you go on and play so, good boy† Evaluation: The aim of this observation was to observe and record the language of TC, a six year old boy, for fifteen minutes as he finished his homework and engaged in conversation with his parents in order to gain a better understanding of his language development. I feel that I achieved this aim very well and that generally TC’s language development appears to be within the normal range for his age. Certainly, TC’s word pronunciation is accurate. He does make little errors tough e.g. he says â€Å"ate† for â€Å"eight†. This is usual for his stage of development. While children between four and five years pronounce most words correctly, they â€Å"may show some immature sound substitutions† (Flood 2010) One of the theorists I have studied is Skinner (1957), Skinner believed â€Å"that  learning, including language learning, occurs as a result of reinforcement.† Another theorist I have studied is Bruner(1915-). Bruner believed first-hand experience allows children to develop their ideas and thinking, he called this â€Å"enactive thinking†. Bruner stress the importance of the child’s environment in language development. He believes â€Å"The adults and more able peers in a child’s life provide what he calls a language acquisition support system (LASS).† Motherese, recasting, expanding and labelling all part of this system . Key stage of language development Gross Motor Skills †¢ Child tries to understand the meaning of words. The child uses adverbs and prepositions. The child talks confidently, and with more and more fluency. †¢ The child uses language creatively. The child adds vocabulary all the time. †¢ The child is an explorer and communicator; he or she begins to be able to define objects by their function – for example, â€Å"what is a bicycle† â€Å"you cycle a bicycle†. Fine Motor Skills †¢ A young child does not learn well in isolation from other children and adults. The child begins to share as he or she learns. Sharing sharpens and broadens the child’s thinking. This helps the child to learn better – for example, he begins to understand book language, and that stories have characters and a plot (the narrative). †¢ The child begins to realise that different situations require different ways of talking. The child establishes a sense of audience (who he or she is talking to). In summary, TC’s language development in terms of both fine and gross motor skills seems to be just on target and have reached the developmental milestones expected for his age. Personal Learning Gained †¢ I learned more about children’s language development. I know understand the terminology of â€Å"labelling†, â€Å"semantics†, â€Å"syntax†, â€Å"recasting† and â€Å" expanding†. †¢ I learned that in order to do so accurately, a tape recording with transcription is advisable. References †¢ Child Care Education (5th Edition) (Bruce, Meggit, Grenier) Hodder Education †¢ Planning Play and the Early Years (2nd Edition) (Penny Tassoni, Karen Hucker) Heinemann †¢ Child Development for Students in Ireland (Eilis Flood) GillMacmillan †¢ Education Care in the Early Years (4th Edition) (Josephine Donohue Frances Gaynor) GillMacmillan

Macbeth was Sane Essay -- Macbeth essays

Macbeth was Sane      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Macbeth may have suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder, his suffering does not constitute insanity.   Macbeth was in a healthy mindset when he embarked on his murderous spree and treacherous rule of Scotland.   His actions and reactions prior to and throughout his tenure as King of Scotland were normal considering the circumstances.   The following evidence will prove that Macbeth was indeed sane.  Ã‚      The first thing I would like to point out is Macbeth's clear understanding of his motives and their consequences.   After he heard the prophecies of the weird sisters, his ambition got the best of him.   He immediately considered murdering Duncan and the morality of the murder.   Macbeth knew his thoughts were wrong and said to the stars, "hide your fears, let not see my black and deep desires (I.4.50-51)."   This acknowledgment of the sinfulness of his desires shows that Macbeth's mind was functioning properly.   Macbeth also acknowledges that there would be consequences if he murdered Duncan.   He thought to himself, " if the assassination could trammel up the consequence, and catch with his surcease, success (I.7.2-4)," the decision to murder Duncan would be easier.   These examples prove that Macbeth was not impulsive with his thoughts.   Instead, like anyone else, he realized the gravity of his desires.   If Macbeth was insane, he would not have tho ught twice about the murder and its consequences.    Macbeth also demonstrates guilty feelings when he considers murdering Duncan.   These guilty feelings came about when he analyzed the relationship between himself and Duncan.   Not only was he Duncan's subject and soldier, he was Duncan's host.   He realized that ... ... I firmly conclude that he was a sane man.   He acted the way any human being would if presented with the same situations.   I feel that his behaviors that seemed to be due to insanity were really the result of Macbeth's fears, anxieties, and stress.   Macbeth should be held fully accountable for his actions because he was not the victim of a mental illness.   He clearly understood what he was doing and the consequences of his actions.    Works Consulted: English 366: Studies in Shakespeare Introduction to Macbeth http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/eng366/index.htm Accessed June 2003       Shakespeare, William.   Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul  Ã‚   Warstine. New York: Washington Press, 1992.        Shakespeare's Macbeth, a Play for our Time Found at   http://www.uky.edu/ArtsSciences/Classics/mac/intro.html   Accessed June 2003

Fostering Teacher Student Relationship in Nursing Essay

The teacher student relationship is very important for children. Children spend approximately 5 to 7 hours a day with a teacher . We ask ourselves what is considered a good teacher? All of us have gone through schooling, and if fortunate had a favorite teacher. A positive relationship between the student and the teacher is difficult to establish, but can be found for both individuals. The qualities for a positive relationship can vary to set a learning experience approachable and inviting the students to learn. A teacher and student who have the qualities of good communications, respect in a classroom, and show interest in teaching from the point of view of the teacher and learning from a student will establish a positive relationship in the classroom. I will be focusing on the relationship between a nursing student and teacher, involving a setting of classroom and at the clinical settings which I have found to be extremely important for the student to gain a positive attitude towards their profession for the rest of life. Each student has different strategies for learning and achieving their goals. A few students in a classroom will grasp and learn quickly, but at the same time there will be those who have to be repeatedly taught using different techniques to be able to understand the lesson. Also, there will be students who roam around and use college as entertainment. They won’t like our instructions or policies. Teaching then becomes difficult, especially if there is no proper communication. Like wise the student disruptions may occur in classes that are poorly organized and managed where students are not provided with appropriate and interesting instructional tasks. The main thing teacher can do is continuously monitor the student in order for him or her to be aware of any difficulties that he/ she is having. Understanding the child’s problem, fear, or confusion will give the teacher a better understanding about the child’s learning difficulties. Once the teacher becomes aware of the problems, he or she will have more patience with the student, thus making the child feel secure or less confused when learning is taking place in the classroom. The same thing happens in clinics also. The students may face many problems in their clinical areas. Many of the students expressed the despair of having a wide practice-theory gap. Eventhough nursing students are learning many subjects in deep; they may be feeling that they can’t practice it all in the actual practice. They may be feeling that they are doing the very basic nursing care that even the nursing aids can do. In my student life I was sometimes observing the evaluative role of teacher, instead of teaching role. So teachers can avoid creating such situations by making the clinics a best teaching arena. A teacher who acts as a good facilitator or supporter at the clinical setting can easily enter in to the minds of young students and this will enhance the development of a hearty relation between these two parties. The student is also responsible for making the communication a positive one. They can approach the teacher for open their mind during their academic or personal crises situations. Of course a teacher is not going to understand every problem for every child in his or her classroom, but will acquire enough information for those students who are struggling with specific tasks. A significant body of research indicates that â€Å"academic achievement and student behavior are influenced by the quality of the teacher and student relationship† (Jones 95). The more the teacher connects or communicates with his or her students, the more likely they will be able to help students learn at a high level and accomplish quickly. Those teachers, who demonstrate respect towards their students, automatically win favor by having active learners in their classroom. The arrogant or offensive teacher will lack these positive qualities due to his or her lack of control over the children. Teachers should assert that they should also be treated with respect . Teachers can blend their warmth and firmness towards the students in their classroom, but with realistic limits. Teachers who are in a classroom might have experienced one time or other students who are disruptive or find learning boring. Teachers understand that if this behavior continues in the classroom and if they do nothing to prevent this from happening, the outcome proves to be disastrous for both types of participants. The student will conclude that his or her behavior is permissible, and will draw away from learning; therefore it is essentially important for the teacher to explain to the child the importance to learn. Though we understand that learning cannot be forced, learning becomes a process for an individual where he or she feels comfortable with learning whether it’s in a classroom or at clinics. Children in first year feel the urge to talk about their problems, fears, or even show their knowledge, but at the same time they want to be listened too. The student will feel valued and respected. Students feel happy when the teacher eventually gives them the option of contributing, or in other words the teacher asks for an opinion, which is usually not offered to the students. The teacher does not have to give up all their control, rather teachers share control with students and encourage interactions that are determined by mutual agreement. A close, but limited relationship between the student and teacher can be helpful for those students who are shy, and find speaking in front of the classroom difficult or children who have low self-esteem. The tension of these students will prevent them to develop the confidence they had always wanted, but never achieved due to not having a good relationship with the teacher. Therefore, how does a teacher hold a relationship that leads to effectively teach the children? The answer becomes clear when teachers interact with, and learn more about their students. Our first educational experience, which takes place in the primary years of our life, sets the principles for our future education. Having established a positive relationship with students will encourage students to seek education and be enthusiastic and to be in school. Remembering our favorite teacher will be recognized because they had at least in one way or another the qualities I discussed in this writing although we are not aware of it during the time we are in school, but teachers are well recognized at a later time of our lives.

The Lottery And The State Of Georgia - 1267 Words

As the MC announces the letters and numbers, the participants are concentrating heavily over their many cards making sure not to miss the chance for a win. Then someone yells, â€Å"BINGO!† Bingo is only one of three legal forms of gambling allowed in the state of Georgia. The other two are, the Georgia state lottery and raffles, which are all state controlled. Out of the three, the lottery has been the most beneficial to the state. A portion of earnings from the state-run lottery goes towards the HOPE scholarship to ensure low-income students the opportunity to attend some form of continued education after completing high school. These funds from the state lottery are slowly diminishing, which affects the amount of scholarship monies available for disbursement to needy students. To repair the economic crisis, the state of Georgia should highly consider legalizing other forms of gambling. States that have granted casinos the permission to operate noticed a significant increa se in the employment rate, benefits from state and local tax revenue, boost in retail sales and a revitalized housing market. First, when allowing casinos into parts of the state, it brings with it multiple opportunities for employment, i.e., construction jobs, manager positions, server positions, gaming technicians, etc. When casinos enter a state, research has proven that the unemployment rate dropped significantly. According to the University of Chicago, National Opinion Research Center (NORC),Show MoreRelatedThe Lottery And The State Of Georgia1272 Words   |  6 Pagesthree legal forms of gambling allowed in the state of Georgia. The other two are, the Georgia state lottery and raffles, which are all state controlled. Out of the three, the lottery has been the most beneficial to the state. A portion of earnings from the state-run lottery go towards the HOPE scholarship to insure low-income students are eligible to attend some form of continued education after completing high school. These funds from the state lottery are slowly diminishing, which affects the amountRead MoreState Lotteries1076 Words   |  5 PagesState Lotteries: Take a Second Look From the time the Europeans first landed on the Atlantic shore, lotteries have been a part of the American society. According to Will Spink, most states are currently operating a state lottery despite its bleak history in the U.S. (Spink 1). Since 1983, North Carolina has introduced lottery bills in the legislature every year (NC Christian 15). North Carolina Governor, Mike Easley, favors a lottery for increasing revenues for education (Analysis 2). HoweverRead MoreLegalization of Gambling Pro/Pro1561 Words   |  7 PagesTuesday November 28, 2000 Pro/Pro The Legalization of Gambling The Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution in the Bill of Rights respectfully states The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. (Gerald Murphy, Cleveland Free-Net). This Amendment states the individuals choice about how to spend ones money. There are a few reasons that the Government shouldRead More Legalization Of Gambling Essay1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe Legalization of Gambling nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution in the Bill of Rights respectfully states â€Å"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people†. (Gerald Murphy, Cleveland Free-Net). This Amendment states the individual’s choice about how to spend ones money. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are a few reasons that theRead MoreProprietors Of Charles River Bridge V. Warren1064 Words   |  5 PagesHOLDINGS: No. No exclusive rights over water and they did not intend to invade company profit, new travel and trade have priority in the decision of the court. The court saw no real claim to the water the bridge is over. RATIONALE: Court held that the state did not violate any contract by creating a second bridge. The court saw fair abilities for both bridges to have multiple travel choices per society. SEPARATE OPINION: 5 votes Warren Bridge, 2 votes against. HOMEBUILDING V. BLISDELL.1934. FACTS OFRead More GAMBLING FOR EDUCATION Essay906 Words   |  4 Pagesif you pass this bill †(Williams). Senator J.T. â€Å"Jabo† Waggoner, of Alabama, made this statement opposing the lottery bill. At first glance, this would put fear in the predominantly protestant state of Alabama, which is in the heart of the Bible Belt, as well as surrounding states that are trying to obtain a lottery. However, these problems are prevalent in the country, without the lottery. First we’ll look to Webster’s Dictionary to define gambling. Webster says 1 a: to play a game for money or propertyRead MoreThe Issue Of The Lottery943 Words   |  4 Pageslottery is one of only a few that operates a compulsive gambling treatment operation as part of its regular operations, employing six problem gambling experts. Five states require a telephone number for help for problem gamblers be printed on its lottery tickets (National Gambling Impact, 1999). 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And though the removal of the Cherokees was completely illegal, the United States government still sought to justify the Cherokee removal with ideas that in retrospect proved to be mostly opinions and exaggerations. One of the most popular ideas that justified the Indian Removal was that the United States was moving the Cherokees for their own sake. Lewis Cass, a supporter of the Indian Removal and a governor of Michigan territory, wroteRead MoreIs Lottery a Good Idea1189 Words   |  5 Pages(Merriam). Origin of gambling in the United States The first lottery was held in the America by the Virginia Company with the permission of the Crown to raise money to finance the establishment of the Colony in 1612. The lotteries were relatively sophisticated and included instant winners. All the original 13 raised revenue through lotteries. The proceeds were used to establish Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Dartmouth, Princeton, and William and Mary. Lottery funds were also used to build churches and